Glaucoma is a complex group of eye conditions that harm the optic nerve, which is most important for good vision. Unusual high pressure in the eye is usually the reason for this damage. Glaucoma is one of the main causes of blindness for people over the age of 60. However, it can occur at any age.
Glaucoma is not a single disease but a group of eye conditions that can lead to optic nerve damage. The optic nerve, composed of over a million nerve fibres, connects the retina to the brain. The health of the optic nerve is vital for clear vision.
Glaucoma often results from increased intraocular pressure (IOP) – a measurement of fluid pressure in the eye. Increased IOP can damage the optic nerve over time.
There are several types of glaucoma, each with distinct characteristics:
The exact cause of glaucoma is not fully understood, but several risk factors contribute to its development:
Glaucoma is often called the “silent thief of sight” because it usually progresses without noticeable symptoms until significant vision loss has occurred. However, depending on the type, some symptoms can indicate the presence of glaucoma.
Early detection of glaucoma is crucial for preventing vision loss. Comprehensive eye exams are essential and typically include the following tests:
Unfortunately, there is no cure for glaucoma. However, various treatments can help manage the condition, lower IOP, and prevent further optic nerve damage. Treatment options include medications, laser therapy, and surgery.
Usually, the following medication options are used:
Glaucoma can also be treated using laser therapy such as:
Glaucoma is a serious eye condition that requires vigilant management to prevent vision loss. Early detection of glaucoma is crucial for preventing significant vision loss. Since glaucoma often progresses without noticeable symptoms, regular eye exams are the best defence.
Discuss risk factors with your ophthalmologist for more frequent screenings. Be aware of symptoms like vision loss or eye pain and seek medical help promptly.
Sources:
Spread the love, follow us on our social media channels